A spine fracture is a serious injury. Young men are the most frequent victims of a fracture of the spine caused by high-energy trauma from falls and traffic accidents. Neurological injury occurs in 16 -25% high-energy traumas. Most spine fractures occur in the mid or low back or at the juncture between the two and constitute a substantial risk of spinal cord injury and paralysis.

Many traumatic spine fractures can be treated with conservative measure including 4-12 weeks of immobilization and bracing. However, major fractures that cause instability, and those that involve the spinal cord and/or nerve roots will require prompt treatment to reduce the risk of further injury and to minimize long-term disability. Fractures are categorized by the pattern of injury.